inequality in the news

Income inequality debate continues, 50 years later

Anonymous — Tue, 22 Apr 2014 06:00:00 +0000

Income inequality debate continues, 50 years later Anonymous (not verified) Tue, 04/22/2014 - 00:00

NO BYLINE

Fifty years after Lyndon B. Johnson declared a war on poverty, the New York Times looks back to see how some of America’s poorest communities have fared. This article takes a look at McDowell County in Virginia, a county that was so poor that when JFK campaigned there, he was appalled by the conditions. It still faces grave problems today, largely due to the collapse of the Coal Mining industry that gave work to much of the town.

***

Research on the Kalamazoo Promise, a proposal by school boards to promise college scholarships to anyone who went through the public school system, came out, The Washington Post Reports. The money comes primarily from the business community and from philanthropists. The model has been copied in numerous school districts. Research shows the promise programs increased housing prices and public school enrollment in neighborhoods near the public schools offering the program. While the program improved neighborhood conditions, the programs still benefit middle and upper income family’s more than lower income, and may actually worsen achievement gaps.

***

French economist Thomas Piketty’s book about income inequality titled “Capital in the 21^st Century” rose to No. 1 on Amazon this week. He talks about the book in an interview with CNN here.

***

Eight million people have signed up for Obamacare. Yet not everyone who would like coverage can get it. CNN reports on the millions who have fallen into a “coverage gap.” They have too much money to qualify for Obamacare but still cannot afford the premiums on the exchanges. Politico breaks down and analyses the 8 million, by state and by who is not included in the number.

Off

Traditional

White

ObamaCare enrollment numbers jump over 7 million mark

Anonymous — Wed, 02 Apr 2014 06:00:00 +0000

ObamaCare enrollment numbers jump over 7 million mark Anonymous (not verified) Wed, 04/02/2014 - 00:00 Lars Gesing

This week’s big story is – once again – the Affordable Care Act. The first deadline to sign up for the new health care provision was Monday at midnight. During the days – and especially the hours – that led up to that landmark, millions of last-minute insurance shoppers swarmed healthcare.gov, dialed into call-lines and stood outside of assistance sites nationwide, as Politico and others reported.

The website broke down for short periods several times Monday due to the high simultaneous user numbers, according to The Huffington Post.

But the bigger news – and way more triumphant ones for the White House and the Obama administration – were the final numbers, which first Press Secretary Jay Carney and later the president himself announced in the Rose Garden. According to CNN’s story quoting the administration, 7.1 million Americans signed up for ObamaCare. The uber-strong finish secured an important argument for the legislations backers, as it met and even slightly exceeded the 7 million mark the administration had announced as a goal before the first application window opened.

The numbers could go up even further. Those who started the application process in time but met difficulties finishing it before the Monday midnight deadline are granted a grace-period to finish. The Christian Science Monitor walks procrastinators and others who couldn’t finish the process on time through the available steps in its ObamaCare deadline 101. The Los Angeles Times also reports that the state of California gave its residents an extension to sign up for its version of the law after thousands met troubles when they tried to sign up Monday before midnight.

Former Washington Post blogger Ezra Klein’s new media outlet VOX published an explanation on its Facebook page Monday about how that day – contrary to common perception – was in fact not the last day to sign up for Obama’s Medicare extension.

And on a final note on the Affordable Care Act: Coloradans and Boulderites – beware! During next week’s Annual Conference on World Affairs at CU-Boulder, U.S. Secretary of Health and Human Services Kathleen Sebelius will give the keynote speech Monday, April 7, 2014, at 11.30 a.m. at Macky Auditorium on campus. This event as well as all the other ones during the course of the week-long summit are free and open to the general public.

***

The New York Times published a story in its most recent Sunday edition that very likely will cause Democratic campaign strategists some headaches. Jacky Calmes writes about how frustrated Latino voters in the state might reject casting their votes in this fall’s midterm elections altogether. Colorado’s significant percentage of Latino voters is a crucial component in the Democratic premise for success this fall.

***

Tuesday, Public Policy Polling, a private firm acknowledged for its accuracy, but also said to be “left leaning,” released a set of polls, which show that in 13 Republican-held congressional districts across the country, a majority of voters supports the minimum wage. According to the data, one of those 13 districts is Colorado’s 6th Congressional District – the hotly contested race between Republican incumbent Mike Coffman and his Democratic challenger, Andrew Romanoff.

***

Last Thursday, the U.S. Senate took a key step toward renewing benefits for millions of long-term unemployed Americans, Politico reported, when Senators from both sides of the aisles voted 65-34 in favor of opening debate on a bipartisan measure, after previous attempts had fallen short of the required majority. According to the report, Republican House majority speaker John Boehner keeps holding up his refusal to support the measure. Last Thursday’s vote therefore was only a first step.

FiveThirtyEight chief economics writer Ben Casselman quotes former Obama adviser Alan Krueger, who believes the administration should have done more for the jobless during the worst years of the recession. Krueger said he was afraid many of the long-term unemployed might never work again.

***

Wall Street is abuzz after Michael Lewis published his new book “Flash Boys,” which takes the reader inside the surreal technology that substituted for antiquated pictures of yelling brokers, while unfathomable amounts of money get exchanged within mere seconds. In a book review on Monday, The New York Times critic Janet Maslin writes about the “tale of high-speed trading.”

Off

Traditional

White

Economic rise might not be enough for Colorado Democrats

Anonymous — Mon, 31 Mar 2014 06:00:00 +0000

Economic rise might not be enough for Colorado Democrats Anonymous (not verified) Mon, 03/31/2014 - 00:00 Lars Gesing

ANALYSIS

Slowly but mostly steadily dropping unemployment rates are raising hopes for Democrats in Colorado and the nation that the recovering economy will help them win congressional seats in the 2014 midterm elections. That includes Colorado District 6, which may be the nation’s most hotly contested House race.

Scientific models lend support to a popular notion: Whenever the number of job seekers goes down – as is currently the overall case despite a slight uptick in February’s national numbers from 6.6 to 6.7 percent – the sitting president’s party will benefit from this economic sigh of relief in the next election.

Yet a CU News Corps analysis of Colorado’s unemployment rates and corresponding congressional election results over the last 20 years raises serious doubts about the Democratic premise for success this fall.

On the surface, that assumption seems more true since the recession in 2008 than at any other time over the last 20 years, when different issues intermittently surpassed the economy as Americans’ greatest concerns (see graphic):

From 1994 to 1998, Americans were most worried about crimes and violence
In 2000, education concerns briefly took the top spot
In 2002, in the aftermath of 9/11, terrorism polled as residents’ greatest concern
In 2004 and 2006, fear of war tracked highest
From 2008 to 2012, the No. 1 concerns then switched to unemployment and the economy in general

A February 2014 Gallup poll showed that 23 percent of Americans still rate unemployment as the “most important” issue facing the country, and 20 percent said it was the “economy in general.” That compares to 19 percent citing a dissatisfaction with government and 15 percent mentioning health care.

And when asked what the most important issue in the state’s race for the governor’s mansion will be, 20 percent of Coloradans told Quinnipiac University pollsters either “jobs” or “the economy.”

According to the data CU News Corps reviewed, there is no proof that unemployment and its rate changes predict success or failure in elections in Colorado.

Though voters in all of the state’s seven congressional districts decide whom they will send to the House of Representatives this fall, three races at most – districts 3, 6 and 7 – are considered competitive. The latter, District 7, was created only after the 2000 U.S. Census.

Districts 1 and 2 are expected to again safely vote Democratic, while districts 4 and 5 are considered Republican strongholds, even after the announcement that Rep. Cory Gardner (R-Yuma) will challenge Mark Udall for the U.S. Senate and not retain his House seat from District 4. Changes in unemployment rates are unlikely to affect the overall election outcome in any of those four districts.

Things are very different in District 6, though. Politico’s Rebecca Elliott called the race between Rep. Mike Coffman and his Democratic contender Andrew Romanoff “the state’s – and potentially the nation’s – toughest House battle of 2014.”

America’s No. 1 problem

So what role will unemployment rates play in the election outcomes in the three districts in question?

The CU News Corps analysis of numbers obtained from the U.S. House of Representatives clerk’s office and the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics questions the decisive role of unemployment.

Throughout every congressional district in Colorado, unemployment rates peaked twice, once in the early 2000s, and once in the aftermath of the 2008 recession. And as George W. Bush in 2004 and Barack Obama in 2012 were able to win second terms in the White House in the face of negative employment numbers, the changing unemployment rates also didn’t consistently affect who went on to win Colorado’s competitive Congressional seats in those years (see slideshow).

Gallery|7 Photos

Jeffrey Browne

Instead, the data illustrate that a variety of factors determines each election’s outcome rather than one sole, extracted factor. Among those indicators are

Voter turnout
Incumbency advantages
Current pressing national issues (such as terrorism in 2002)
Each district’s demographic features and
Unemployment and the state of the economy.

According to Kenneth Bickers, a political science professor at the ��񱦵�, District 6 went from relatively safe Republican to too close to call for two reasons, neither having to do with economic trends. First, the 2012 Obama campaign’s push for the Hispanic vote helped Democrat Joe Miklosi push Republican Coffman. And second, routine redistricting after the 2010 U.S. Census narrowed the gap between registered Democrats and Republicans in that district.

Seth Masket, a political science professor at the University of Denver, developed a model in 2009 that supports the conclusions of the CU News Corps analysis.

Masket found no correlation between either the unemployment rate or its change and a potential seat loss for parties.

But the poll data support experts like economics Nobel laureate Joseph E. Stiglitz, who believe in a strong interdependence between the number of jobless and the sitting president’s party’s fate, and even consider it the decisive factor in any outcome.

In his The New York Times bestseller “The Price of Inequality,” Stiglitz wrote: “Standard models in political science show that especially the level of unemployment and its rate of change are the most important determinants of presidential and congressional outcomes.”

According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 6.2 percent of Coloradans were still without a job in December 2013 (see graphic). Nationwide, the number was at 6.7 percent at the turn of the year. Both state and national rates were lower than in the preceding month and significantly dropped from November 2012, when Barack Obama won a second term in the White House despite a still shaky economy.

Who profits from economic upturn?

In his January State of the Union address, the president laid out the Democratic policy argument once more.

“The cold, hard fact is that even in the midst of recovery, too many Americans are working more than ever just to get by – let alone get ahead. And too many still aren’t working at all.”

Does he, does his party, have it all wrong, to lay the electoral fate in the hands of a jittery economy?

Yes and no.

Disunity prevails among experts, analysts and candidates from the political and economic spectrum. They can’t agree on the most important of the variety of factors that will influence the midterm elections.

“Since the first [economic] stimulus package in 2009, most voters think that neither party has been doing particularly well on economic issues,” said Floyd Ciruli, a Denver-based political analyst.

Leslie Oliver, communication director for Rep. Ed Perlmutter, who is running for his fifth consecutive term in Colorado’s 7th district (see map), on the other side agrees with Stiglitz.

“The most important issue facing Colorado in general continues to be economic growth,” Oliver wrote in an email. “Throughout the election, you will get to hear Democratic and Republican ideas for how to keep the economy growing, bringing down the unemployment rate and providing the educational opportunities to equip our kids for 21st century jobs.”

Perlmutter’s Republican adversary this fall, Don Ytterberg, doesn’t believe that the recovering job market will benefit Democrats.

“Unemployed people don’t acknowledge the statistic,” he said. “People acknowledge that they are without a job.”

He also called the numeric unemployment rate “virtually meaningless.”

“More people are leaving the job market. That’s what is driving the rate down,” Ytterberg said.

Jeffrey Zax is an economics professor at the ��񱦵�. While he suspects unemployment rates “both in the state and the nation to keep improving,” he also agrees with Ytterberg.

“In the recent recovery, it appears that people are leaving the labor force,” Zax said, noting another trend that artificially lowers unemployment rates. “We have seen that in times of recession, people invest more in education. It therefore takes them longer to enter the job market.”

Republicans rely on Obamacare

Kenneth Bickers puts another variable into the equation. The CU political science professor thinks the Affordable Care Act – Obamacare – will likely transfer all the way into the midterm elections this fall.

“Unemployment and jobs are always very important,” he said. “But we don’t always have this other 900-pound gorilla in the room, which is the health care measure.”

Floyd Ciruli expects that this year, maybe even more than usual, the state’s midterm elections will be a referendum on the presidency. Obama’s approval ratings continue to plummet: In 2013, on average only 42.3 percent of Coloradans thought the president was doing a good job, a rate considerably lower than the nation’s 46.5 percent average, according to Gallup polls.

“The real issue is: Will Obama and Washington hurt state Democrats?” Ciruli asked.

Just recently, a new report by the independent Congressional Budget Office caused Democrats more headaches. According to the CBO, because of new health care subsidies, the Affordable Care Act might push up to 2.5 million people out of their full-time jobs by 2024.

Bickers, who co-authored a 2012 study that predicted Mitt Romney to win the presidential election based on unemployment rates and income changes, said two major factors affect the impact of unemployment rates: “It is whether people feel that the economy is improving or not, and it’s also who [the voters] credit or blame for that.”

Click on the map to learn more about the incumbents in Colorado’s seven congressional districts.

Made with

LEARN MORE

Tags: Barack Obama, Colorado, Democratic Party, Election, Midterm, Republican Party

Off

Traditional

White

Citizens United threatens to sue IRS

Anonymous — Tue, 18 Mar 2014 06:00:00 +0000

Citizens United threatens to sue IRS Anonymous (not verified) Tue, 03/18/2014 - 00:00

President Obama cannot raise the minimum wage without the help of Congress. He has, however, found a way to raise the wages of many low skilled employees by raising the exemption for overtime payment from $23,660 a year to about $50,000 annually. He gave 10 million workers a raise without even asking Congress. Obama signed the proposal on March 13.

Seattle joins the list of cities contemplating raising the minimum wage. Seattle Mayor Ed Murray convened a committee to discuss a proposal to raise the minimum wage to 15$ an hour. Murray said they will be looking at research from San Francisco which showed that the cities gradual increase in the minimum wage to $10.74 an hour over the past decade had little discernible effect on the economy.

***

And now for your weekly Paul Krugman! Krugman discusses whether or not wages are rising, asks why many people are saying this means we need to increase interest rates. He argues that rising wages are a good thing!

***

Citizens United said it will sue the IRS if it passes a set of rules proposed in November designed to specifically define what counts as political activity. The rules would make it difficult for many political organizations whose activities influence elections to maintain 501(C)(4) designation, the designation that allows donors to channel large amounts of money into politics while remaining anonymous.

Some of the donors who funnel money into the Kochs political machine anonymously by dontating to organizations with 501(C)(4) designation were revealed when a guest at the Kochs’ Palm Springs donor event left a document lying out. It was found by someone and given to Mother Jones.

***

Suzanne Mettler writes a summary of her new book for Salon, arguing that rising tuition costs, among other factors, have made it difficult for children from low-income families with little education to get a college degree. The current higher education system is increasing income inequality.

***

Thomas Frank evaluates Obama’s presidency in term of what he has done to reduce inequality and restore a meritocracy. He argues Obama has let the 1% continue to run the show, and he has done a bad job of addressing what he called “the defining challenge of our time.”

***

Charter schools often outperform other public schools in America’s cities and help to reduce educational inequality. They are under attack in Los Angeles, where a school board has voted to close two top performing charter schools, and in New York, where elected officials voted to make them pay rent for public school facilities, Bloomberg reports.

***

The private sector is picking up where the federal government fizzled on the DREAM act by providing scholarships to illegal immigrants. The Dream.us scholarship is giving Araceli Mendez the chance to go to college, reports NBC.

***

The New York Times reports on the tie between life expectancy and income by focusing on the microcosm of two towns in Virginia. They are separated by only 350 miles, but the average life of men differs by 12 years.

Off

Traditional

White

Obama talks health care with Zach Galifinianakis

Anonymous — Wed, 12 Mar 2014 06:00:00 +0000

Obama talks health care with Zach Galifinianakis Anonymous (not verified) Wed, 03/12/2014 - 00:00 Lars Gesing

After national unemployment rates slightly rose from 6.6 percent in January to 6.7 percent in February, Bloomberg reports that job openings in the U.S. increased less than expected in January. According to Bloomberg writer Jeanna Smialek, this was likely a sign that “labor-market cooling from late 2013 persisted as severe winter weather hammered the eastern and midwestern U.S.”

Smialek quotes Ryan Weng, an economist at HSBC Securities USA Inc. in New York. “Hiring was delayed during the winter due to bad weather, and I think we’ve started to see some catch-up already in the February figures,” Weng said.

***

Good news for Vincent Viola. The founder and majority shareholder of New York high-frequency market trader Virtu will soon be the latest Wall Street billionaire as his firm gets ready to go public on NASDAQ. Viola, who owns 65 percent of Virtu’s shares, is projected to make more than $2 billion from the move, according to Forbes.com.

***

Bad news for Barack Obama. UNITE Here, a hospitality workers union representing workers in the United States and Canada, put out a new report predicting that the president’s key legislative accomplishment, the Affordable Care Act, would hasten income inequality, thereby undermining Obama’s policy approach to narrow the income gap.

The union, a group that has been critical of the new health care law before but usually supports the president’s policies according to Glenn Beck’s The Blaze, says in the report that “the promise of Obamacare was the right one and the hope for extending health care coverage to the un- and under-insured a step in the right direction. Yet the unintended consequences will hit the average, hard-working American where it hurts: in the wallet.”

The report was published prominently on conservative media outlet’s websites such as foxnews.com, which has been critical of the new legislation for months.

Meanwhile, Obama himself made a rather unorthodox campaign stop during his promotion of the ACA. In order to urge young, healthy Americans to sign up for the new health care program by the March 31 deadline, the president sat down with comedian Zach Galifinianakis in an episode of the social media satire interview series “Between two Ferns.”

***

In the political fight over the right policy approach toward tackling inequality, Republicans and Democrats don’t find a lot of common ground, which makes the issue so hotly debated and omnipresent in the media. Upworthy, a news website determined to publish viral content, now announced that they will form an uncommon alliance with the public interest investigative journalists of ProPublica and advocacy media groups such as Human Rights Watch to push coverage of income inequality, the Nieman Journalism Lab reports.

The site cites an Upworthy blog post that indicates the direction of the planned coverage the alliance plans to produce: “Too many media companies assume the worst about their communities — they think just because they’ve seen starlet scandals get more site traffic than foreign revolutions, that’s what their audience really wants to see. We couldn’t disagree more, and we think that the millions of you who make up the Upworthy community help prove it every day.”

The blog post also determined that according to Upworthy readers, income inequality was the second-most important topic, led only by “climate change and clean energy.”

***

In a recent The New York Times column, Paul Krugman challenged the prevalent belief that income redistribution would negatively affect the gross domestic product.

“Taking action to reduce the extreme inequality of 21st-century America would probably increase, not reduce, economic growth,” Krugman wrote, acknowledging that “the very affluent would lose more from higher taxes than they gained from better economic growth,” but also pointing out that “it’s pretty clear that taking on inequality would be good, not just for the poor, but for the middle class.”

Off

Traditional

White

ProPublica looks at 'dark' side of data

Anonymous — Mon, 24 Feb 2014 07:00:00 +0000

ProPublica looks at 'dark' side of data Anonymous (not verified) Mon, 02/24/2014 - 00:00

Many critics of America’s growing inequality argue that income inequality is causing the U.S. to become an oligarchy, in which politicians are bought by the elite. A ProPublica investigation – “Buying your vote: Dark money and Big Data” – is shedding light on money in politics. A recent story from that investigation profiles Sean Noble and his role in moving hundreds of millions of dollars of the Koch Brother’s fortune into politics.

***

Harvard economist Larry Summers wrote a column for the Financial Times arguing that there is a lot of historical precedence behind the federal government redistributing income, and that modern times call for the government to step in and address inequality. After explaining why many possible solutions are not desirable, he argues that changing the tax code is the best solution.

***

Gregory Mankiw, another Harvard professor of economics, argues in a New York Times column that the rich are deserving, and that the public is upset about the financial sector’s wealth because their contributions are harder to see and understand. Pulitzer Prize-winning business columnist Michael Hiltzik responds in The Los Angeles Times, arguing that Mankiw’s argument is based on deception. Paul Krugman responds to Mankiw by attacking his premise that the financial sectors contributions are highly valuable.

***

The debate about minimum wage is raging on all levels of government.New York Gov. Andrew Cuomo recently rejected a proposal from New York City Mayor Bill De Blasio asking to raise the minimum wage within the city.Meanwhile, the clothing company GAP announced it would raise the minimum wage for U.S. employees to $10 by next year.The White House Council of Economic Advisors released a report saying Congress could raise the minimum wage without job loss.Meanwhile, a report by the Congressional Budget Office says that although raising the minimum wage could lift 900,000 people out of poverty, it would also possibly reduce overall employment by 500,000 jobs. The Washington Post reports that this confirms both Republican and Democrat arguments about the issue.Forbes columnist Jeffrey Dorfmanargues that raising the minimum wage will not have a large enough impact on those in poverty to justify the cost, and that other methods of helping the poor are more cost effective.

Off

Traditional

White

Long-term unemployed yearn for agreement on benefit extension

Anonymous — Wed, 12 Feb 2014 07:00:00 +0000

Long-term unemployed yearn for agreement on benefit extension Anonymous (not verified) Wed, 02/12/2014 - 00:00 Lars Gesing

More than 1.4 million Americans stopped receiving long-term unemployment insurance checks at the end of last year. Ever since, Congressional Democrats and Republicans fight over a three-month extension for the benefits – so far without success. Just last Thursday, Senate Democrats made a renewed push. But even the “yea” votes of four Republicans weren’t enough. With 59 votes, the coalition fell one defector short of the required 60-vote hurdle.

Congress’ latest failure to find consent – despite President Obama’s repeated calls for order – reflects disunity between Democrats and Republicans as both parties use the issue to shape their profiles with the Midterm elections looming in the not-too-distant future.

According to a report by the Colorado Fiscal Institute, nearly 18,000 jobless people here in the state were affected by the benefit cuts at the turn of the year. They, like their fellow sufferers all around the country, hope for a solution that is unlikely to present itself anytime soon.

As The New York Times and various other national and international media outlets report, politicians on both sides of the aisle weren’t able to agree on a game plan on how to come up with the money to pay for the assistance extension.

According to latest U.S. Bureau of Labor statistics, the nationwide number of long-term unemployed – including all those job hunters who haven’t received a paycheck for at least 27 weeks – is holding steady at around 3.6 million.

In a recent video, TIME Magazine captured some of the human fates behind the political battle over long-term unemployment benefits. Watch the video to travel to the streets of Philadelphia, and meet some members of the generation of “99ers.” These people carry that stigma since they lost their benefits because they have been without a job for more than 99 weeks. For them, their everyday life is an ongoing struggle for any human’s most basic needs.

***

Many long-term unemployed fear for losing their homes. At the same time, a new study by the Denver Metro Fair Housing Center, recently cited in the Denver Post, shows that even those who are lucky enough to still have a job increasingly face obstacles when it comes to finding a place to live. The Post reports: “African-Americans searching for rental housing in the metro area will encounter discrimination 67 percent of the time, while Latinos will face it 91 percent of the time.”

And even couples or individuals with children face discrimination in 73 percent of all recorded cases, according to the report’s authors. Pat Coyle, director of the Colorado Division of Housing, told the Denver Post that he was surprised by these figures: “This has not been what we’ve seen as typical of the Denver marketplace.”

You can access the full report here.

***

The Democratic agenda to move toward more social equality will also have major implications for Hillary Clinton’s potential bid for nomination as the party’s presidential candidate, the Associated Press concluded in a recent online feature.

Ken Thomas writes in “The Big Story”: “Democrats say economic issues such as raising the minimum wage and protecting Social Security have become paramount for anyone aiming to lead the party after years of tough economic times.”

Thomas also talked to Ilya Sheyman, executive director of the liberal public policy advocacy group MoveOn.org. Sheyman told Thomas that “we’re going to see income inequality play the same role that the war in Iraq played in 2008.”

***

During his Jan. 28 State of the Union Address, President Obama called for a renewed legislative effort to raise the level of minimum wages across the country.

On its website, The New York Times offers its readers an interactive tool to find out whether they could live on the lowest legal pay. Currently, more than 4.8 million Americans face that challenge every day.

In the latest Times Sunday Review, the paper’s editorial board made its case for a higher minimum wage, arguing that an estimated 27.8 million Americans would earn more money if the Democratic proposal to lift the hourly minimum limit from $7.25 to $10.10 by 2016 passes.

An interactive USA Today graphic shows those 13 states that raised the minimum pay on a state level on Jan. 1, 2014 – despite Congress’s ineptitude. Among them was Colorado, where workers now receive a minimum hourly rate of $8. In total, 21 states have implemented a higher minimum wage than the federal $7.25 by now.

Off

Traditional

White