Major / Minor Overview

Biochemistry Majors can earn a B.A. degree through the Department of Biochemistry. An honors program is available. Below you can find information about these degrees and special programs.

Advising

All majors are expected to schedule regular appointments with their academic advisor. For more information please look at the Undergraduate Advising page.

Notice of Course Change

Course pre-fixes were updated from CHEM to BCHM for several courses starting in Fall 2019. For questions or concerns about how these changes effect your degree status, please schedule an appointment with an academic advisor.

Program Requirements

The biochemistry major provides interdisciplinary training, education and experience in the chemical and biological sciences. Biochemistry focuses on understanding the chemical processes of living organisms,the reaction pathways that sustain life, the principles of how structure defines function, and the physical basis of biomolecular interactions. Students who major in Biochemistry are prepared for diverse careers in medicine, scientific research, biotechnology, pharmacy, biomedical consulting, teaching and education, among other professions. The undergraduate degree in Biochemistry emphasizes knowledge and understanding of:
 

  • Foundational principles of biology and chemistry

  • The building blocks of life (DNA, RNA and proteins), how they evolved, how they interact, and how organisms make and degrade these building blocks

  • How living organisms maintain homeostasis and regulate metabolism

  • The molecular mechanisms of how living systems respond to changes, such as environmental perturbations, disease, and chemical therapeutics

  • How chemical reactions impact human health

The undergraduate degree in Biochemistry also emphasizes and cultivates development of the following skills:
 

  • Quantitative problem solving

  • Critical thinking and analytical reasoning

  • Communication of scientific concepts and ideas

Because biochemistry connects to scientific disciplines ranging from genetics, human physiology, microbiology, neuroscience, cell biology, chemistry, and geology, Biochemistry majors are given the freedom to explore advanced electives in many of these subjects. Additional information about the Biochemistry B.A. can be found on the Biochemistry Department website.

Biochemistry major students are prepared for many different careers after graduation.  offers a number of programs and services designed to help students plan their career, including workshops, internships, and placement services after graduation. For an appointment with a career counselor or for more information, call 303-492-6541 or stop by Center for Community, N352.
 

Additional Opportunities

Undergraduate Research

Undergraduates are encouraged to participate in research to prepare themselves for graduate school, professional school, or industry. There are multiple opportunities for undergraduates to be involved in research within the Department of Biochemistry. For more information, visit our Departmental Undergraduate research page.

Study Abroad

The experience of studying abroad can prove invaluable. For information about study abroad programs, visit the  website.

Teaching Certification

Biochemistry majors can also earn certification as teachers through the School of Education. The program for a secondary school science-teaching certificate is challenging requiring a broad, strong background in science, as well as coursework in education and practice teaching. It usually requires at least five years of study. Students interested in teacher certification are encouraged to contact the .

Students in the undergraduate biochemistry major are required to take three advanced major electives for a total of at least 9 credits to complete the biochemistry major. Below is a list of all approved electives that can be taken to satisfy the advanced major electives requirement.

Advanced Major Electives

Select three of the following elective courses:

Applied Mathematics (APPM)

APPM 3310 Matrix Methods and Applications
APPM 3570 Advanced Probability
APPM 4360 Complex Variables/Applications

Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences (ATOC)

ATOC 4200 

Biogeochemical Oceanography

Biochemistry (BCHM)

BCHM 4312 Quantitative Optical Imaging

BCHM 4491

Modern Biophysical Methods

BCHM 4631

Computational Genomics Lab

BCHM 4751 Current Topics in Biochemical Research
BCHM 4850 Therapeutic and Diagnostic Nucleic Acids
BCHM 4901* Independent Study in Biochemistry
BCHM 5341 Chemical Biology and Drug Design

Chemical Engineering (CHEN)

CHEN 3010 Applied Data Analysis
CHEN 3200 Chemical Engineering Fluid Mechanics
CHEN 3210 Chemical Engineering Heat and Mass Transfer

Chemistry (CHEM)

CHEM 4011 Modern Inorganic Chemistry
CHEM 4021 Inorganic Laboratory
CHEM 4171 Instrumental Analysis- Lecture and Laboratory 1
CHEM 4181 Instrumental Analysis- Lecture and Laboratory 2
CHEM 4791 Bioorganic Chemistry in Biotechnology (no longer available)

Evolutionary Biology (EBIO)

EBIO 2070

Genetics: Molecules to Populations
(cannot also count MCDB 2150 as a required ancillary course or an advaced elective)

EBIO 3040 Conservation Biology
EBIO 3080 Evolutionary Biology
EBIO 3180 Global Ecology
EBIO 3190 Tropical Marine Ecology
EBIO 3240 Animal Behavior
EBIO 3400 Microbiology
EBIO 3523 The Art and Strategy of Science Communication: Branding Climate Change
EBIO 3590 Plants and Society
EBIO 3630 Parasitology
EBIO 3850 Animal Diversity: Invertebrates
EBIO 4030 Limnology
EBIO 4060 Landscape Ecology
EBIO 4080 Freshwater Phycology
EBIO 4140 Plant Ecology
EBIO 4155 Ecosystem Ecology
EBIO 4290 Phylogenetics and Comparative Biology
EBIO 4410 Biological Statistics
EBIO 4420 Computational Biology
EBIO 4440 Animal Developmental Diversity
EBIO 4500 Plant Biodiversity and Evolution
EBIO 4510 Plant Anatomy and Development
EBIO 4530 Functional Plant Biology (no longer available) 
EBIO 4800 Critical Thinking in Biology

Geological Sciences (GEOL)

GEOL 3320 Introduction to Geochemistry
GEOL 4160 Introduction to Biogeochemistry
GEOL 4270 Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry
GEOL 4330 Cosmochemistry
GEOL 4670 Isotope Geology
GEOL 4675 Stable Isotopes in Paleoclimate and Paleoecology

Integrative Physiology (IPHY)

IPHY 3400 Nutrition for IPHY Majors (no longer available)
IPHY 3410 Human Anatomy
IPHY 3430 Human Physiology
IPHY 3470 Human Physiology 1 (no longer available)
IPHY 3480 Human Physiology 2 (no longer available)
IPHY 3490 Introduction to Epidemiology
IPHY 4300 Pathophysiology of Disease
IPHY 4440 Endocrinology
IPHY 4470 Biology of Human Reproduction
IPHY 4600 Immunology
(cannot also count MCDB 4300 as an advanced elective)
IPHY 4720 Neurophysiology

Mathematics (MATH)

MATH 4520 Introduction to Mathematical Statistics

Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology (MCDB)

MCDB 2150 Principles of Genetics
(cannot also count EBIO 2070 as a required ancillary course or an advanced elective)
MCDB 3000 Synthetic Biology: Engineering Biomolecular Systems in the Laboratory
MCDB 3145 Molecular Cell Biology II
MCDB 3150 Biology of the Cancer Cell
MCDB 3160 Infectious Disease
MCDB 3350 Fertility, Sterility, and Early Mammalian Development
MCDB 3450 Biological Data Science
MCDB 3501 Structural Methods for Biological Macromolecules
MCDB 3650 The Brain- From Molecules to Behavior
MCDB 3990 Introduction to Systems Biology for Biologists
MCDB 4202 The Python Project
MCDB 4300 Immunology
(cannot also count IPHY 4600 as an advanced elective)
MCDB 4310 Microbial Genetics and Physiology
MCDB 4350 Microbial Diversity and the Biosphere
MCDB 4410 Human Molecular Genetics
MCDB 4426 Cell Signaling and Developmental Regulation
MCDB 4444 Cellular Basis of Disease
MCDB 4471 Mechanisms of Gene Regulation in Eukaryotes
MCDB 4520 Bioinformatics and Genomics
MCDB 4615 Biology of Stem Cells
MCDB 4650 Developmental Biology
MCDB 4750 Animal Virology
MCDB 4777 Molecular Neurobiology
MCDB 4790 Oocytes, Stem Cells, Organisms: Experiments to Discoveries

Neuroscience (NRSC)

NRSC 2125 Introduction to Neuroscience l: Foundations
NRSC 4032 Neurobiology of Learning and Memory
NRSC 4082 Neural Circuits of Learning and Decision Making
NRSC 4092 Behavioral Neuroendocrinology
NRSC 4132 Neuropharmacology
NRSC 4545 Neurobiology of Addiction

Philosophy (PHIL)

PHIL 3140 Environmental Ethics
(cannot also count PHIL 3160 as an advanced elective)

PHIL 3160

Bioethics
(cannot also count PHIL 3140 as an advanced elective)

Psychology (PSYC)

PSYC 3102 Behavioral Genetics
PSYC 3112 Behavioral Genetics II (no longer available)

PSYC 4052

Behavioral Neuroscience

*BCHM 4901 must be approved by the Biochemistry Associate Chair for Undergraduate Affairs. To be eligible students must have a minimum of 120 hours of independent research prior to applying for BCHM 4901 as an advanced elective. BCHM 4901 can only count once as an advanced elective. It must be taken as a 3-credit course and a final paper is required.

Requirements

The College of Arts and Sciences will allow a maximum of 9 hours of transfer credit, including 6 upper-division credit hours to count toward a minor. Students may transfer courses through organic chemistry only. All courses required for the minor must be completed with a grade of C- or better, and the overall GPA in all BCHM courses taken must be a 2.00.

Students who have taken  and  may substitute them for  and CHEM 1114. Engineering students who have taken  may NOT use this to satisfy the physical chemistry requirement.

General Chemistry

5-10

Option 1:

 

CHEM 1113
& CHEM 1114

General Chemistry 1
and Laboratory in General Chemistry 1

 
CHEM 1133
&CHEM 1134
General Chemistry 2
and Laboratory in General Chemistry 2
 

Option 2:

 

CHEM 1400
&CHEM 1401

Foundations of Chemistry
and Foundations of Chemistry Lab

 

Organic Chemistry

10-12

CHEM 3311
or CHEM 3361

Organic Chemistry for Chemistry and Biochemistry Majors
Organic Chemistry 1

 

CHEM 3451
or CHEM 3321

Laboratory in Organic Chemistry 1 for Chemistry Majors
Laboratory in Organic Chemistry 1

 

CHEM 3491
or CHEM 3471
or CHEM 3331

Organic Chemistry 2 for Biochemistry Majors
Organic Chemistry 2 for Chemistry Majors
Organic Chemistry 2

 

CHEM 3381
or CHEM 3341

Laboratory in Organic Chemistry 2 for Chemistry Majors
Laboratory in Organic Chemistry 2
 

Biochemistry

3-8
BCHM 4611 Survey of Biochemistry  

BCHM 2700
& BCHM 4720

Foundations of Biochemistry
and Metabolic Pathways and Human Disease
 
BCHM 2700
& BCHM 4740

Foundations of Biochemistry
and Biochemistry of Gene Transmission, Expression and Regulation

 

Physical Chemistry

3-4
BCHM 4400
or CHEM 4511
Core Concepts in Physical Chemistry for Biochemists
Physical Chemistry 1
 

Total Credit Hours

21-34

Academic Planning:

Students who declared a biochemistry major before Fall 2017 should follow the requirements as listed in their audit.

Course pre-fixes were updated from CHEM to BCHM for several courses starting in Fall 2019. For questions or concerns about how these changes effect your degree status, please schedule an appointment with an Academic Advisor.

Grades

All required courses and ancillary courses must be completed with a grade of C- or better. In addition, the College of Arts and Sciences requires at least 30 hours of C- or better in the major and requires an average GPA of 2.00 or higher in all classes attempted in the major department.

Credit Hours

Students who do all their major courses at ²ÊÃñ±¦µä will more than meet the College requirements for the minimum total (30 credits) and upper division (18 credits) hours in the major.

AP, Advanced Placement in Chemistry

The following will be allowed for advanced placement in chemistry. Score of 5: credit for general chemistry 1 with lab (CHEM 1113 and 1114 or). Students may register for general chemistry 2 with lab (CHEM 1133/1134). Students should consult a departmental advisor before registering for a second semester general chemistry course.

IB, International Baccalaureate in Chemistry

The following will be allowed for IB-higher in chemistry. Score of 7: credit for general chemistry 1 and 2 with lab (CHEM 1113/1114 and 1133/1134).; students may register for CHEM 3311/3321 or 3451/3371. Score of 6: credit for general chemistry 1 (CHEM 1113/1114); students may register for CHEM 1133/1134. Students should consult a departmental advisor before registering organic chemistry or for a second semester general chemistry course.

Transfer Credits

Students may transfer courses in chemistry that are equivalent to courses given at ²ÊÃñ±¦µä but carry fewer credit hours. They must take sufficient courses in chemistry so that the total credits for graduation is at least 30. An academic advisor should be consulted regarding this type of deficiency.

Transfer Students

Transfer students should note that the College of Arts & Sciences requires at least 18 hours of upper-division credits in the major. Lower division courses at other institutions will transfer as lower division credit, even if the corresponding ²ÊÃñ±¦µä courses are upper division. For example, organic chemistry taken at a community college or as lower division at a four-year college will only carry lower division credit if it is accepted by the department to satisfy CHEM 3311, 3321, 3331, and 3341. A biochemistry major with such transfer credit will need to take additional upper division chemistry courses to complete the required 18 hours in the major and 45 upper division hours.

Transfer students who plan to complete a B.A. degree in the Biochemistry Department must complete at the Boulder campus a minimum of 12 credit hours of upper-division courses in chemistry covering at least 2 of the sub-disciplines in their major.  The sub-disciplines for a biochemistry major are organic, physical, and biochemistry. Course work to satisfy this minimum requirement may NOT include CHEM 4901 and must be completed after matriculation into the College of Arts and Sciences.

Undergraduate majors in the Biochemistry Department must plan their courses carefully since there are specific prerequisites for advanced courses that must be completed in an orderly sequence during the freshman through the junior years. In addition, the College of Arts & Science Core curriculum must be worked into the schedule. Suggestions for majors include:

  • Math should be started the first year and continued without a break.
  • Math courses are a serious hurdle for many biochemistry majors. It is much better to start Pre-Calculus Math 1150, doing a fair bit of review work, and earn A's or B's than to try Calculus l, (MATH 1300 or APPM 1350) and receive a D or F. Even students that have some calculus in high school may have difficulty with MATH 1300 if their algebra, geometry, and trigonometry backgrounds are weak. When biochemistry students fail to achieve a good grade record their first year at ²ÊÃñ±¦µä it is most commonly due to a weak math background.
  • Chemistry should be taken the first year, and should take precedence over general biology if biology is also required in the student's course work.
  • Students are very strongly advised against taking General Physics 1 until they have completed Calculus 1, and preferably both Calculus 1 and Calculus 2.
  • Most first year students should take no more than 16 hours per semester and preferably less. Students who are working may want to consider taking even fewer hours per semester. Taking 16 hrs/sem while working more than 20 hrs/week is likely to hurt academic performance.
  • Quality is better than quantity. Thus, undergraduates who complete a degree with a grade point average greater than 3.4 will have many job and graduate school opportunities even though they may have taken only 12-14 hours each semester. Whereas students who take 18-22 hours each semester, with a G.P.A. less than 3.0 while working 10 hrs/week, will find few or no graduate school openings. Students, who must work outside of school, should consider taking a lighter course load.
  • University study requires an intensive effort on a student's part for at least nine months a year. Students should therefore use their summers wisely. Summer may be a good time to catch up on coursework or credits; many required and elective courses are taught during summer school. On the other hand, many students find it advantageous to have a change of pace during the summer, and many need to earn some money. A chemistry-related job can be a great experience. Some large and small chemical or health-related companies hire undergraduates during summers. Career Services can be helpful in locating a suitable position. Some schools around the country have undergraduate research participation programs open to outside students. ²ÊÃñ±¦µä offers the Undergraduate Research Opportunity Program (UROP) and the Biosciences Undergraduate Research Skills and Training (BURST) program to a limited number of students.
  • The majors organic chemistry courses are also only taught once a year. Plan ahead for these courses. The elective course CHEM 4021 (Inorganic Synthesis Lab) is also taught only in the Spring semester. Most graduate courses are taught once a year, with a few taught every other year.
  • Students taking biology should realize that EBIO 1210/1230 are taught only in the Fall semester, and the second-semester biology courses, EBIO 1220/1240, are taught only in the Spring. The EBIO sequence is also taught during the summer.  The MCDB sequence is not taught in the summer.